Todorov's Theory
Todorov's theory proposes that stories start with an equilibrium where everything within the story is in balance. The next stage of this is the disruption of the equilibrium. In this stage, a chain of events occur in which everything is no longer in balance. There is then a recognition that the disruption has happened. This leads to an attempt to repair the disturbed equilibrium so that everything becomes balances again. Finally, the equilibrium is fully restored and everything is back to where it began.